Keeping the welder safe from physical damage is one of the most pressing safety issues in welding. People are exposed to hot metal, strong light, and hazardous sparks during the welding process, which can cause serious injuries such as cuts, burns, and eye damage. To protect themselves from these risks, welders use specialised personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves, goggles, helmets with auto-darkening filters, and protective clothes.